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Cake day: June 21st, 2023

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  • It could, but fighting over it definitely will.

    Even without any reprisal from the administration; the hypothetical lawsuit would be a very public affair. Nintendo would be inserting itself directly into the fight over US immigration law; and approximately no one in the US would see it as them defending their trademark rights. The anti-imigrant crowd would see it as a direct attack on Trump’s deportation efforts. The anti masked-officer-shoving-people-into-an-unmarked-van-and-sending-them-to-a-venezualan-contrantion-camp would also see it that way.

    In contrast, if they do nothing, no one is going to look at that tweet and think that Nintendo was actually involved or approved of it.




  • Israeli prime ministers.

    David Ben Gurion 1948 - 1953. Born in Poland Moshe Sharett 1953-1955. Born in the Russian Empire (modern day Ukraine) David Ben Gurion 1955 - 1963. Born in Poland Levi Eshkol 1963 - 1969. Born in Russian Empire (modern day Ukraine) Yigal Allon 1969 (interim PM). Born in Palestine. Father born in Belarus. Maternal grandfather born in Ukraine. Golda Meir 1969 - 1974. Born in Russia. Yitzhak Rabin - 1992 - 1995. Born in Palestine. Father born in Ukraine. Mother born in Belarus. Shimon Peres - 1995 - 1996. Born in Poland. Benjamin Netanyahu 1996 - 1999. Born in Israel. Father born in Poland. Mother born in Palestine, but was a US citizen. Parents migrated from Lithuania to the US Ehud Barak 1999 - 2001 . Born in Palestine. Mother born in Poland. Father born in Lithuania. Ariel Sharon 2001 - 2006. Born in Palestine. Parents born in Russia. Ehud Olmert 2006 - 2009. Born in Palestine. Parents born in Ukraine and Russia. Benjamin Netanyahu - 2009 - 2021 Naftali Bennett 2021 - 2022. Born in Israel. Parents from the US Yair Lapid 2022. Born in Israel. Father born in Yugaslovia. Mother born in Israel. Maternal grandfather born in Transylvania. Benjamin Netanyahu 2022 - present

    It is true that much of the Israeli population is middle eastern. However the political of Israel has been European from it’s founding until today.


  • The Nuremberg trials prosecuted only 24 people, all of whom were very high level Nazis. This number goes up to around 1700 if you count the subsequent tribunals also held at Nuremberg.

    To a first approximation, the treatment of the rank and file was a polite agreement to politely ignore their involvement and move on.

    We tried the collective punishment thing after world war 1 with the treaty of Versailles. The impact of that is still a subject of debate, but some historians draw a direct line from it to the Nazis.


  • There’s a couple of things going on.

    The big one is just a massive selection bias in what people take pictures of. I know how to do a functional tie to restrain someone’s hands and feet. I do it plenty. But if there’s going to be pictures, I’m going to go for something more visually impressive.

    There is also a constraint aspect in addition to the restraint. A common type of tie is a rope harness that goes around your torso without actually restraining any of your limbs. In addition to the aesthetic, it also squeezes you, which is kind of like wearing a hug.

    As far as restraints go, it is surprisingly difficult to fully restrain arms/hands. A simple binding of the wrists leaves a lot of room to maneuver; and unless you are actively trying to pull your hands apart, barely feels like you are restrained at all. Finding a tie that really restraining and holds up [0] against all the wiggling your subject will do is difficult and tends to follow one of a few forms.

    Other people don’t particularly care for the being tied part as much as the getting tied part. It can be a rather intimate experience with how close the top needs to be to your body, and the constant tension they maintain through the rope across your body.

    And, of course, there are the type of people who are interested in the aesthetics. They tend to be the ones most interested in pictures.

    [0] I almost include safe in this list. But given that the tie shown in this picture is probably the most popular, I cannot in good conscience say that.



  • I would argue that in your application, a wrong URL is a sever error. That error being improper handling of a client error.

    I’m not a web dev, but had a similar problem with a niche compiler I used to develop.

    We were pretty good at validating invariants at the mid and back-end. This meant that most user errors got reported as internal errors. Generally, these errors were good enough that users were able to get used to reading them and fix their code.

    It was next to impossible to actually get users to file bugs about this. Our internal error messages started with a banner that read “THIS IS A BUG IN <compiler name>. PLEASE REPORT TO <support email address>”. Despite that, whenever we actually got a bug report, it would inevitably start with “I’m pretty sure this isn’t actually a bug in the compiler, but I can’t figure out what I am doing wrong in my code”.


  • Under current law, you would need to kill 22 people before replacements can be appointed. Possibly less if some of them are not constitutionally eligible to be president; but if it ever got to that point, I suspect we would ignore that provision.

    Pulling this off is made even more difficult by both the heightened security given to everyone in the line of succession; and the fact that under our continuity of government plans, those people are deliberately never all in the same place at the same time.

    Anything that could accomplish a full decapitation strike would likely require marshall law anyway, and would likely make the conditions for an election difficult.



  • If you are running an AC, you might be able modify it to reduce the humidity.

    AC units naturally dehumidify (as TC points out, they are essentially the same thing as traditional dehumidifiers). However, the amount of moisture they pull out is mostly related to how long they are running, not how cold they can get. This means that if you have an overpowered AC, you get less dehumidifying effect because the AC is on less.

    Some ACs let you reduce their power, which will increase their duty cycle and increase the amount of water they pull out of the air. It also helps improve their lifespan as they need to cycle less.



  • “Calories” is actually two different things. The first thing is a unit of energy. In this sense, calories are very much interchangeable. Wood has calories, which is why we use it for fire. However, if you tried eating wood, you would mostly just be increasing the caloric value of your poop. This is not inherent to wood; if you were a termite and tried eating wood, you would actually get nutritionally relevant calories from it.

    For nutritional purposes, we generally use some variant of the Atwater system. The core idea was to measure the caloric value of food, as well as the caloric value of the subjects feces and urine. This gives you a better estimate of how many nutritionally relevant calories there are.

    Nowadays, we have standard values various core food components (e.g various fats, proteins, etc). By breaking down a food into its components, we can apply the standard conversion for each component and add up the results to get a value for the food as a whole.

    This process is actually pretty bad. The digestibility of individual components does not perfectly predict the digestibility of a whole food. The measure of individual components is not perfect. The actual digestibility of some foods can vary significantly between people.

    As a practical matter, “counting calories”, really just means eating less in a way that roughly measures food by effective energy content. It turns out that an accurate accounting of calories just isn’t super important or useful for this. There is even bigger variance in the “calories out” department (including the annoying tendency of bodies to become more energy efficient when less energy is available). Further, all of the errors in calorie counting tend to be consistent. If you reduce calories by reducing the quantity of food you eat, you are reducing actual metabolized calories, even in the exact measurement is wrong.

    It is a little more complicated if you reduce calories by changing the composition of the food you eat, but broadly speaking lower reported calories are actually lower effective calories there as well. Further, if you are adjusting the composition of your food specifically enough for this to be a problem, then you are well past the point where you should be caring about other nutritional factors.


  • How do you get the folder?

    The trick with initramfs and initrd is that the kernel does not read them into memory. By the time the kernel boots, they are already in memory. This let’s you move a lot of initializing logic out of the kernel and into userspace. In some sense, this just moves the problem to the bootloader. But the bootloader already has to load the kernel, so that is no real loss.

    This is also incredibly useful for stateless VMs. You do not need to futz around with virtual drives. Just put everything you need into a CPIO archive, then pass that and and your kernel into QEMU (or your emulator of choice) and it will just work.


  • Where in those axioms does it say that ↑ = 0 = 0 {0 0 } is not a number? No where, that’s where!

    The actual reason that ↑ is simply that it is too ill behaved. The stuff I thought were the “numbers” of combinatorical game are actually just called Conway games. Conway numbers are defined very almost identically to Conway games, but with an added constraint that makes them a much better behaved subset of Conway games.

    I suppose you could call this an axiom of combinatorical game theory; but at that point you are essentially just calling every definition an axiom.

    <s> Getting back to my original point; this distinction just goes to show how small minded mathematicians are! Under Conway’s supposed “reasonable” definition of a number, nimbers are merely games, not proper numbers. However, the nimbers are a perfectly good infinite field of characteristic 2. You can’t seriously expect me to believe that those are not numbers! </s>


  • I was going to make a comment about surreal numbers not being numbers. But I did a bit of fact checking and it looks like all of the values I was objecting to are not considered surreal numbers, but rather pseudo numbers.

    I find this outrageous. Why can’t ↑ be a number? What even is a number that would exclude it and leave in all of your so-called numbers?


  • My big complaint with Wayland is that the ecosystem has not really developed an effective standardization process.

    With web browsers, you would get browsers doing their own thing; then copying each other’s thing, then writing down a standard for that thing, then all switch to the standard.

    With Wayland, you get: https://wayland.app/protocols/ For as old as Wayland is, there are 5 standard protocol extensions (plus some updates to the core protocol). A bunch sitting in the standardization pipeline. Then a whole bunch of redundant protocols because each compositor is just doing their own thing without even attempting to standardize.

    It doesn’t help that one of the major compositor (Gnome/Mutter) has essentially abandoned Wayland for everything beyond the core capabilities in favor of offering additional functionality over a separate DBus interface.