We are interested in the lines tangent a given graph, regardless of whether that graph is produced by rectangular, parametric, or polar equations. In each of these contexts, the slope
of the tangent line is dydx. Given r=f(θ), we are generally not concerned with r′=f′(θ); that describes how fast r changes with respect to θ. Instead, we will use x=f(θ)cosθ, y=f(θ)sinθ to compute dydx.
From the link above. I really don’t understand why you seem to think a tangent line in polar coordinates would be a circle.
From the link above. I really don’t understand why you seem to think a tangent line in polar coordinates would be a circle.